PROJECT: OSI LAYER

OSI LAYER MODEL

LAYER 7: APPLICATION

A web browser such as Google Chrome provides the means for the student to contact an OnlineLearning System server in OUM IT Center and if the student want to download several files that go together to produce a single OnlineLearning page. Then, the student can request an OnlineLearning page by typing in a web address such as a URL or by clicking a link in an open OnlineLearning page is an application layer. The web browser application gives the student the means to select an OlineLearning System server, contact the server of the OUM IT Center and request an OlineLearning page. The web browser handles the process of finding the OnlineLearning System server (the remote computer that has the OnlineLearning page student want to be stored on it), requesting the desired OnlineLearning page and displaying all the files contained within the OnlineLearning System page.

LAYER 6: PRESENTATION

The data from the Application layer is transmitted to the Presentation layer, which responsible for translation, encryption, and compression of data. At the students’ side, the data is encrypted and then compressed before being sent to the next layer, which is the Session Layer. The reason for compression is to increase the efficiency and speed of communication by reducing the amount of data that needs to be transmitted.

    Meanwhile, at the server-side which is at the IT center for the OUM campus network, the incoming data from the student (which being carried from the Session layer and will be passed to Application layer) is decoded into readable data. Next, this layer translates the data into the syntax that the Application can read and understand.

LAYER 5: SESSION

When the students’ data are being transmitted from the Presentation layer, the Session layer will establish the communication between two devices by opening and closing the communication. The time when the communication is opened and closed is called session.

    First, this layer will open the session to let the data from student PC to be transported to transport layer. Once the sending is done, the session is closed to prevent resources from being wasted. Moreover, this layer also has checkpoints to synchronize the data transfer, so that in case of disconnection during transfer, it can resume the transfer from the last checkpoints.

    In addition, if password or authentication is required, for example when the student needs to log in to use the portal, this session will handle this operation by requesting logical connection for connection the student’s side and the server side.

    Similarly, at the IT center, the session layer will open the session to allow data from the transport layer to be sent to the Presentation layer, and it will close once the transfer is done. Likewise, password validation and data transfer synchronization also happen at the server side at this layer.

LAYER 4: TRANSPORT

Next, In a computer network, the transport layer is the fourth layer in the OSI model. The transport layer establishes standards for organizing messengers and verifying delivery authenticity.

    The transport layer ensures that packets sent by the student from their device are not lost during delivery and the packets are also error-free, in sequence, and not copied. This layer will regroup the messages from the student's computer as well, divide the long messages into packets, and collect all the small packets to be reused as one package. Therefore, it will ensure that packets can be sent in the network efficiently. In the Oum IT center, the transport layer will open the messages, rearrange them to the original message form, and send reception feedback.

    The transport layer is responsible for the delivery of the entire message from the Student home network to the OUM IT center. While the network layer manages the delivery of packets separately, without recognizing the relationship between the packets. The network layer also reads the packets separately as if each of the packets is a different message, even though it is the same message. But the transport layer will ensure that the entire messenger reaches its destination. The transport layer provides flow control, error. TCP is also called TCP/IP (Internet Protocol) which works in the transport layer. Transport layer also responsible inflow control at the same rate of speed with the OUM IT Centre. handling, and also solves transmission problems from student devices to OUM IT center.

LAYER 3: NETWORK

Furthermore, the Student home network and OUM It Center are different networks. The network layer the purpose is to deliver the packet that gets from the source to the destination through network access. The network layer is where everything that has to do with inter-network connections happens. Setting up data packet routes, checking to verify if a server on another network is up and functioning, and addressing and receiving IP packets from other networks are all examples of this. A huge of internet data is sent through IP address and this late procedure is likely the most significant.

    A student from a home network is sending data from their device to OnlineLearning system at OUM network facilities. Then, The network layer is responsible for transmitting packets in a network connection from student to OUM IT center and the network layer will ensure that each packet will reach its destination efficiently. After the data sent by the students into the OUM IT center packets will be divide into several smaller parts. Messages sent by students have been placed on the Ip address of the computer used before entering the OUM IT center. The source of the data is the IP address, and the destination is OnlineLearning system in OUM It center. Next, the packet will be sent to the Data Link Layer.

LAYER 2: DATA LINK

Once the request from the student web browser has been created it is sent to the network card. Once it reaches the student network card it must be converted into a message that is sent from the student computer to the default gateway which will forward the message to the Internet. At the data link layer, the web request is inserted inside a network request to the default gateway.

LAYER 1: PHYSICAL

The physical layer provides the means to transmit the OnlineLearning System page request to the default gateway.